Tangier

• The city of "Tangier" is the capital of the North of Morocco. It is the closest African Arab city to the continent of Europe. It is also distinguished by its important position in Morocco; because of its large population and its political, industrial, cultural and economic fields.

• Tangier is located in the northern part of Morocco, overlooking two sides of the sea, namely the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, in the northwestern part of the continent of Africa. It is affected by a moderate Mediterranean climate, where the winter is wet and cold, while the summer is dry and warm.

• In the modern era, Tangier is considered one of the most important cultural, commercial, agricultural and industrial cities in Morocco, and in 1962 AD a commercial port was established there. It also contains many gardens, tourist places, educational institutes, and factories.

• Landmarks of Tangier: Tangier includes a number of important historical places; Such as: forts, palaces, markets, mosques, churches, walls, and other other buildings that constitute the landmarks of the ancient and modern city of Tangier, and the following are the most important of which:

- The ancient walls of Tangier: They are walls up to 2,200 m in length and surround five neighborhoods belonging to the old city of Tangier, which are Beni Ydder, Jinan Qobtan, the Kasbah, Wadi Aherdan, and Dar al-Baroud. The construction of these walls went through a series of stages, and expectations indicate that their construction was above the walls of the ancient Roman city of Tingis. There were many construction and restoration work for these walls from 1661 AD to 1684 AD during the period of English rule, and in the eighteenth-century AD several towers were spread on these walls, such as the Salam Tower and the Amer Tower.

- Kasbah Palace: It is also known as Dar Al Makhzen, and it has a strategic place in the eastern section of the Kasbah. Sultan Moulay Ismail was interested in building it on the remains and ruins of an old English castle. The Kasbah Palace includes several facilities, such as a mosque, a large house, Bait Ul Mal (treasury), prisons, gardens, and in 1938, it was turned into a museum.

- The Great Mosque: It is a mosque located near the Souk al-Dakhil, and it was converted into a church during the Portuguese occupation of Tangier, and in 1684 AD it returned to a mosque and a lot of construction, restoration and expansion work was conducted on it. The Great Mosque is distinguished by the use of decorations made of mosaics, inscriptions and writings on wood.

- Al-Jadida Mosque: It is a mosque also known as Al-Nakhil Mosque or Issawa Mosque, and it contains a minaret decorated with mosaic decorations.

- The American Embassy: It is the first building that became the property of the United States of America in Morocco after Sultan Moulay Suleiman I presented it as a gift to America in 1821 AD, and it has been used as an embassy for the United States for about 135 years, and in 1976 it became a contemporary art museum.

- The Spanish Church: Sultan Muhammad bin Abdullah bought it from two Jewish families in 1760 AD, and gave it as a gift to Sweden, where it established its consulate in 1788 AD, and in 1871 AD the Spanish ruler used it as a residence, and was keen to build a church there. 

• The city contains a variety of terrain, which are represented in the plateaus such as the Marshat plateau, the coastal coasts such as the Mediterranean coast and the Atlantic coast, bays such as the Great Khaleej, lakes such as Lake Sidi Kassem, valleys such as Wadi El Mellah, and Wadi Al-Shatt, mountains such as Jabal Al Kabeer, and forests such as the Al-Rumail forest and Msnana forest.

• Its population consists of the Amazighs, who are the original inhabitants of Morocco and called the Berbers, and the Algerians who escaped from the rule of the French occupation. It also consists of Arabs, Jews, Andalusians, Syrians, Europeans, and Gnawa, who are European captives, and the majority of the population are Muslims.